2.5 KEY GRAMMAR POINT - PRESENT SIMPLE

PREESENS: Preesens-aikamuotoa käytetään kun halutaan kuvata yleistä tai toistuvaa toimintaa, kykyä tai tunnettua tosiasiaa.
YLEISTÄ: They speak Finnish in Finland.
They don’t play golf in China.
Suomessa puhutaan suomea.
Kiinassa ei pelata golfia.
TOISTUVAA TOIMINTAA: He drives his car every day.
She often plays golf.
Hän ajaa autoaan joka päivä.
Hän pelaa usein golfia
KYKYÄ: Mary speaks French and German.
Mike bakes fine cakes.
Jane doesn’t drive.
Doctors work hard.
Mary puhuu ranskaa ja saksaa.
Mike leipoo hyviä kakkuja.
Jane ei aja autoa.
Lääkärit työskentelevät ahkerasti.


PRESENT TENSE - POSITIVE

I
You
We
They
play I drink coffee every morning, my wife drinks tea.
You speak English well, but he speaks English badly.
We like fish, John likes meat.
They buy a newspaper every day, John buys chocolate.


He
She
It
plays He eats too much, we eat very little.
She plays the violin, her parents play the piano.
It drinks milk, all cats drink milk.


PRESENT TENSE - NEGATIVE

I
You
We
They
don't play I don’t like jazz, my wife doesn’t like rock music.
You don't drink coffee, Mary doesn't drink tea.
We don't play golf, John doesn't play tennis.
They don't live in France, Joe doesn't live in Brazil.

mutta

He
She
It
doesn't play He doesn’t work hard, we don’t work hard.
She doesn't play tennis, we don't play football.
It doesn't like cats, dogs don't like cats.


PRESENT TENSE - QUESTIONS

Do I
You
We       play
They
Do I look ill?
Do you speak Chinese?
Do we all drink coffee?
Do they understand us?

Does he
she       play
it
Does he play the piano?
Does she read the newspaper every day?
Does it drink milk?

 Yksikön 3. persoonassa eli HE, SHE , IT, JOHN jne, on pääte s yleisin, mutta jos verbin lopussa on ss, ch, sh tai x, pääte on es.
esim.     I wash my car, he washes his car. I teach English, she teaches French. Jos verbin viimeinen kirjain on y, 3. persoonassa y muuttuu ies:ksi
esim.     You study hard, John studies hard.

KYSYMYKSEN TEOSSA ON OIKEA SANAJÄRJESTYS TÄRKEÄ:
DO/DOESSUBJEKTIVERBILOPPUOSA
Do
Do
Do
Does
Does
Do
you
they
Mr and Mrs Smith
Mary
he
you
play
live
like
study
work
smoke?
tennis?
in Sweden?
the cinema?
at the university?
in London?


Kun käytetään kysymyssanaa tai -fraasia (What, Where, How many, At what time, jne.) tulee tämä ensin, ja kysymyksen loppu muodostetaan käyttämällä ylläolevaa järjestystä.
KYSYMYSSANA/ -FRAASIDO/DOESSUBJEKTIVERBI LOPPUOSA
Who
Where
How many languages
do
do
do
you
you
you
like?
work?
speak?

Where do they go every Saturday?
What do the Smiths like to eat?
When does he have a sauna?
At what time
When
does
does
the train
it
leave?
arrive?



PITKÄT JA LYHYET VASTAUKSET
KYSYMYSPITKÄ VASTAUSLYHYT VASTAUS
Do you live in London? Yes, I live in London.
No, I don’t live in London.
Yes, I do.
No, I don’t.
Do the Browns like wine? Yes, they like wine.
No, they don’t like wine.
Yes, they do.
No, they don’t..
Does Mary work hard? Yes, she works hard.
No, she doesn’t work hard.
Yes, she does.
No, she doesn’t.


Älä käytä do-apuverbiä, jos kysymyssana on subjektina.
 What does John buy?
Who buys the fruit?
John buys the fruit
John buys the fruit
Kysymyssana on OBJEKTI
Kysynyssana on SUBJEKTI

Superman

RELATIVITY

There is a young man called Bright
Who travels much faster than light
He starts one day
In a relative way
And returns the previous night

Takaisin Unit 2 sivulle.