PREESENS: Preesens-aikamuotoa käytetään kun halutaan kuvata yleistä tai
toistuvaa toimintaa, kykyä tai tunnettua tosiasiaa. | ||
---|---|---|
YLEISTÄ: | They speak Finnish in Finland. They don’t play golf in China. |
Suomessa puhutaan suomea. Kiinassa ei pelata golfia. |
TOISTUVAA TOIMINTAA: | He drives his car every day. She often plays golf. |
Hän ajaa autoaan joka päivä. Hän pelaa usein golfia |
KYKYÄ: | Mary speaks French and German. Mike bakes fine cakes. Jane doesn’t drive. Doctors work hard. |
Mary puhuu ranskaa ja saksaa. Mike leipoo hyviä kakkuja. Jane ei aja autoa. Lääkärit työskentelevät ahkerasti. |
PRESENT TENSE - POSITIVE | |||
---|---|---|---|
I You We They |
play | I drink coffee every morning, my wife drinks tea. You speak English well, but he speaks English badly. We like fish, John likes meat. They buy a newspaper every day, John buys chocolate. | |
He She It |
plays | He eats too much, we eat very little. She plays the violin, her parents play the piano. It drinks milk, all cats drink milk. | |
PRESENT TENSE - NEGATIVE | |||
I You We They |
don't play | I don’t like jazz, my wife doesn’t like rock music. You don't drink coffee, Mary doesn't drink tea. We don't play golf, John doesn't play tennis. They don't live in France, Joe doesn't live in Brazil. | |
mutta | |||
He She It |
doesn't play | He doesn’t work hard, we don’t work hard. She doesn't play tennis, we don't play football. It doesn't like cats, dogs don't like cats. | |
PRESENT TENSE - QUESTIONS | |||
Do | I You We play They |
Do I look ill? Do you speak Chinese? Do we all drink coffee? Do they understand us? | |
Does | he she play it |
Does he play the piano? Does she read the newspaper every day? Does it drink milk? |
Yksikön 3. persoonassa eli HE, SHE , IT, JOHN jne, on pääte s yleisin, mutta jos verbin lopussa on ss, ch, sh tai x, pääte on es.
esim. I wash my car, he washes his car. I teach English, she teaches French. Jos verbin viimeinen kirjain on y, 3. persoonassa y muuttuu ies:ksi
esim. You study hard, John studies hard.
KYSYMYKSEN TEOSSA ON OIKEA SANAJÄRJESTYS TÄRKEÄ: | |||
---|---|---|---|
DO/DOES | SUBJEKTI | VERBI | LOPPUOSA |
Do Do Do Does Does Do |
you they Mr and Mrs Smith Mary he you |
play live like study work smoke? |
tennis? in Sweden? the cinema? at the university? in London? |
Kun käytetään kysymyssanaa tai -fraasia (What, Where, How many, At what time, jne.)
tulee tämä ensin, ja kysymyksen loppu muodostetaan käyttämällä ylläolevaa järjestystä. |
KYSYMYSSANA/ -FRAASI | DO/DOES | SUBJEKTI | VERBI | LOPPUOSA |
---|---|---|---|---|
Who Where How many languages |
do do do |
you you you |
like? work? speak? | |
Where | do | they | go | every Saturday? |
What | do | the Smiths | like | to eat? |
When | does | he | have | a sauna? |
At what time When | does does | the train it | leave? arrive? | |
PITKÄT JA LYHYET VASTAUKSET | ||
---|---|---|
KYSYMYS | PITKÄ VASTAUS | LYHYT VASTAUS |
Do you live in London? | Yes, I live in London. No, I don’t live in London. | Yes, I do. No, I don’t. |
Do the Browns like wine? | Yes, they like wine. No, they don’t like wine. | Yes, they do. No, they don’t.. |
Does Mary work hard? | Yes, she works hard. No, she doesn’t work hard. | Yes, she does. No, she doesn’t. |
Älä käytä do-apuverbiä, jos kysymyssana on subjektina. | |||
What does John buy? Who buys the fruit? | John buys the fruit John buys the fruit | Kysymyssana on OBJEKTI Kysynyssana on SUBJEKTI |
There is a young man called Bright
Who travels much faster than light
He starts one day
In a relative way
And returns the previous night